安装
通过wget命令下载安装
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://yum.baseurl.org/download/3.4/yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
--2019-02-17 07:22:41-- http://yum.baseurl.org/download/3.4/yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
Resolving yum.baseurl.org... 140.211.9.35
Connecting to yum.baseurl.org|140.211.9.35|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1140370 (1.1M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: "yum-3.4.3.tar.gz"
100%[======================================>] 1,140,370 23.3K/s in 28s
2019-02-17 07:23:09 (40.0 KB/s) - "yum-3.4.3.tar.gz" saved [1140370/1140370]查看并且移动到tmp中解压
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Downloads Music Templates
Desktop install.log Pictures Videos
Documents install.log.syslog Public yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# mv yum-3.4.3.tar.gz /usr/local/tmp
[root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/tmp
apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
Demo.class yum-3.4.3.tar.gz
Demo.java
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# tar -zxvf yum-3.4.3.tar.gz进入解压的文件，运行安装yum
[root@localhost yum-3.4.3]# ./yummain.py install yum
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum.noarch 0:3.2.29-40.el6.centos will be updated
---> Package yum.noarch 0:3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: python-urlgrabber >= 3.9.1-10 for package: yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-urlgrabber.noarch 0:3.9.1-9.el6 will be updated
---> Package python-urlgrabber.noarch 0:3.9.1-11.el6 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Updating:
yum noarch 3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1 updates 1.0 M
Updating for dependencies:
python-urlgrabber noarch 3.9.1-11.el6 base 86 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Upgrade 2 Packages
Total download size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm | 86 kB 00:00
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
Public key for python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm is not installed
(2/2): yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:03
Public key for yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm is not installed
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 274 kB/s | 1.1 MB 00:04
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:
Userid : CentOS-6 Key (CentOS 6 Official Signing Key) <centos-6-key@centos.org>
Package: centos-release-6-5.el6.centos.11.1.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-201311272149.x86_64/6.5)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running Transaction Check
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch 1/4
Updating : yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1.noarch 2/4
Cleanup : yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch 3/4
Cleanup : python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-9.el6.noarch 4/4
Updated:
yum.noarch 0:3.2.29-81.el6.centos.0.1
Dependency Updated:
python-urlgrabber.noarch 0:3.9.1-11.el6
Complete!
[root@localhost yum-3.4.3]# yum
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
You need to give some command
Usage: yum [options] COMMAND
List of Commands:
check Check for problems in the rpmdb
check-update Check for available package updates至此，安装完成！！！！！！！！！！！！！
1.备份原始源
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
2.创建新源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
- 重新缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache
使用yum来安装或卸载CentOS图形界面包
命令行模式安装图形界面
yum grouplist 检查已安装的组
yum groupinstall "X Window System"
yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"
startx
或者init 5
就OK。
重新安装了带图形界面模式的centos系统，来实验yum方式卸载图形界面
图形界面想要卸载：
yum groupremove "GNOME Desktop Environment"
yum groupremove "X Window System"
以图形界面安装的linux 卸载图形界面之后会提示错误
init: Id "x" respawning too fast: disabled for 5 minutes
解决的办法是
vi /etc/inittab
找到这段文字 把这段文字中id后面的数字改为3 id:3:initdefault 让系统以文本界面启动
找到这段文字x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon注释掉！
注（此方法未证实能否保证服务器保持稳定！未在服务器上线实验过）如何查看yum 安装的软件路径
比如查看yum install keepalived安装后的路径
第一步：
[root@localhost local]# rpm -qa|grep keepalived
keepalived-1.2.13-5.el6_6.x86_64
第二步得结果：
[root@localhost local]# rpm -ql keepalived-1.2.13-5.el6_6.x86_64
/etc/keepalived
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
/usr/bin/genhash
/usr/libexec/keepalived
/usr/sbin/keepalived
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/AUTHOR
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/CONTRIBUTORS
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/ChangeLog
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/NOTE_vrrp_vmac.txt
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/README
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/TODO
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/VERSION
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/keepalived.conf.SYNOPSIS
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.IPv6
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.SSL_GET
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.fwmark
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.inhibit
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check
/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.2.13/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check_argyum命令
1.使用YUM查找软件包
命令：yum search
2.列出所有可安装的软件包
命令：yum list
3.列出所有可更新的软件包
命令：yum list updates
4.列出所有已安装的软件包
命令：yum list installed
5.列出所有已安装但不在 Yum Repository 内的软件包
命令：yum list extras
6.列出所指定的软件包
命令：yum list XX
7.使用YUM获取软件包信息
命令：yum info XX
8.列出所有软件包的信息
命令：yum info
9.列出所有可更新的软件包信息
命令：yum info updates
10.列出所有已安装的软件包信息
命令：yum info installed
11.列出所有已安装但不在 Yum Repository 内的软件包信息
命令：yum info extras
12.列出软件包提供哪些文件
命令：yum provides